stress and strain 是材料力學的專有名詞 It is unique for each material and is found by recording the amount of deformation (strain) at distinct intervals of tensile or compressive loading (stress). ，這些由機械Bing等來翻譯最方便，所以"應力和應變"是其對應術語。問題是，平常人不懂得這些，這可以從一本日本的英和辭典看出來：stress and strain在日常用語似可當近乎同義語。
stress
- [名]
- 1 [C][U]((時にa ～))（精神的な）圧迫，圧力，抑圧，ストレス，緊張，緊迫
- stresses strains
- ストレスと緊張
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2015.7
晚餐時間在伯明翰的一家中國餐館裡用餐。
「還有供應(Din Sum) 點心嗎？」 我們問服務生。
「沒有， 廚房全部<死>了！」服務生回答。
「甚麼？「」 我們趕緊問她！
「晚餐時間，鍋子全部<死>了 ，沒有供應點心。」 服務生補充說明。
「喔！」
這位服務生走了之後 ，我們全部大笑。
不知道這位服務生是哪裡人，但是我們猜想那個<死>， 應該是<洗>的意思。
嚇<洗>人了！！
That’s irresponsible. The IRS shouldn’t be caving to Republican political pressure. (IRS commissioner John Koskinen went so far as to say nonprofits could spend up to 49 percent of their money on political activities -- which is dead wrong. They’re not supposed to engage in any political activity at all.)
dead
No longer alight:the fire had been dead for some dayshttp://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/deadadverb
晚餐時間在伯明翰的一家中國餐館裡用餐。
「還有供應(Din Sum) 點心嗎？」 我們問服務生。
「沒有， 廚房全部<死>了！」服務生回答。
「甚麼？「」 我們趕緊問她！
「晚餐時間，鍋子全部<死>了 ，沒有供應點心。」 服務生補充說明。
「還有供應(Din Sum) 點心嗎？」 我們問服務生。
「沒有， 廚房全部<死>了！」服務生回答。
「甚麼？「」 我們趕緊問她！
「晚餐時間，鍋子全部<死>了 ，沒有供應點心。」 服務生補充說明。
「喔！」
這位服務生走了之後 ，我們全部大笑。
不知道這位服務生是哪裡人，但是我們猜想那個<死>， 應該是<洗>的意思。
嚇<洗>人了！！
That’s irresponsible. The IRS shouldn’t be caving to Republican political pressure. (IRS commissioner John Koskinen went so far as to say nonprofits could spend up to 49 percent of their money on political activities -- which is dead wrong. They’re not supposed to engage in any political activity at all.)
dead
2015.8
（中央社9日電）蘇迪勒颱風昨天強襲台灣，先前國外媒體也十分關注，形容這是2015年截至目前最強的風暴，也預測將會直撲台灣，但多家國內媒體稱外媒報導「蘇迪勒以台灣為死亡目標」，遭譯者在臉書上批評完全是翻譯錯誤。
「今日美國報」（USA Today）6日報導蘇迪勒颱風將侵襲台灣，原標題為「Typhoon Soudelor is taking dead aim at Taiwan」。
「翻譯這檔事」臉書粉絲頁昨天發文指出，dead在這裡跟死亡一點都沾不上邊，只是「精確無誤地」、「死準地」的意思，多家媒體翻成「死亡目標」且大做文章，根本是「集體變笨」。
文章並一一點名翻譯有誤的中文媒體，包括電視台、平面媒體與談話節目等在內，多達11家。
曾獲首屆林語堂文學翻譯獎的自由譯者許瑞宋在個人臉書轉貼這則評論，並發文說：「看到台灣媒體講『死亡目標』，所有人都驚呆了！
*****
與Ken 談
Stranger Shores (J.M.Coetzee) 異鄉人的國度
有篇談英文過去70年對卡夫卡 城堡的翻譯問題，相關論文不少。
Translations
There are two primary sources for the translations based on the two German editions. The earliest English translations were by Edwin and Willa Muir and published by Alfred A. Knopf. These editions were widely published and spurred the late-1940s surge in Kafka's popularity in the United States. Later editions (notably the 1954 editions) had the addition of the deleted text translated by Eithne Wilkins and Ernst Kaiser. These are known as "Definitive Editions." They translated both The Trial, Definitive and The Castle, Definitive among other writings. Definitive Editions are generally accepted to have a number of biases and to be dated in interpretation.After Pasley and Schillemeit completed their recompilation of the German text, the new translations were completed and published – The Castle, Critical by Mark Harman (Schocken Books, 1998), The Trial, Critical by Breon Mitchell (Schocken Books, 1998) and Amerika: The Man Who Disappeared by Michael Hoffman (New Directions Publishing, 2004). These editions are often noted as being based on the restored text.
Muir, Edwin, 1887-1959, British author, b. Orkney Islands, Scotland. He moved with his family to Glasgow in 1901, where he remained for 18 years. In 1919 he went to London and joined the staff on the New Age. During the early 1920s he traveled on the Continent, supporting himself chiefly with contributions to the Freeman. At the age of 35 he turned to writing poetry, producing such collections as Chorus of the Newly Dead (1926) and The Labyrinth (1949). However, it was not until his Collected Poems appeared in 1952 that Muir achieved recognition. A visionary poet, he sought in his personal, often dreamlike verse to understand the meaning of the spiritual universe. Muir is also well known as a literary critic. Included among his critical writings are The Structure of the Novel (1928), The Present Age, from 1914 (1939), and Essays on Literature and Society (1949). His other works include translations of Kafka; three novels, The Marionette (1927), The Three Brothers (1931), and Poor Tom (1932); and an excellent autobiography, The Story and the Fable (1940), which later appeared in an enlarged edition, An Autobiography (1954).
Bibliography
See his letters, ed. by P. H. Butter (1974); studies by G. Marshall (1987) and J. Aitchison (1988).
""說得有道理。
我建議你對每一誤會，都用現代語簡說一段。
陳寅恪的文章不容易讀 一原音是要將引言以不同字體等標出。
Dear HC,
唐朝禪師大珠慧海(709-788??)《諸方門人參問語錄》記載：
法明曰：『故知一法不達，不名悉達。』
師曰：『律師不唯落空，兼乃錯用名言。』
法明作色問曰：『何處是錯？』
師曰：『律師未辨華竺之音，如何講說？』
曰：『請禪師指出法明錯處。』
師曰：『豈不知悉達是梵語耶？』
法明這一位出家人認為釋迦因為「無所不知」才叫「悉達」，其實「悉達」是「悉達多 Siddhattha」，意思是「財利」、「成就」。
Ken Su
這是漢譯容易"望字生義"的一例
請注意各種翻譯的拼音和解義 譬如說
(Sanskrit; Pāli, Siddhattha Gotama). Name of the historical Buddha. Siddhārtha (meaning ‘one whose aim is accomplished’) was his personal name, and Gautama his clan or family name.
Read more: http://www.answers.com/topic/
昨夜讀法國人著作
驚見其對Rabelaisian 說法簡陋(漢譯者又解釋得更離譜。 我去查Shorter O.E.D. ，它必須用三形容辭來說明)。
換句話說，我讀過附梵文的，多簡樸義。
昨讀法詩人"母親的影響力"等，2點還無法睡。
莊喆《主題‧原象---莊喆 畫展》 ，中文和英譯的錯誤還不少。
雪舟英文都有兩字
另外，翻譯者必須與原作者討論 "正方體"段， 無法省略 ，有將其翻譯為squares
一 rannsformation ㄧ evolving...
目前可能採翻譯公司負責品管 (外包給中國)
日文雪舟的是與非 名破墨實潑墨
は‐ぼく【破墨】
水墨画の技法の一。淡墨で描いた上に、さらに濃墨で手を入れて立体感や全体の趣などを表すこと。中国、盛唐前期に始まる。→溌墨(はつぼく)
はつ‐ぼく【×溌墨】
水墨画の技法の一。画面に墨をそそいで一気に着衣の人物像や山・石・樹木などの形を描くと同時に、その濃淡で立体感を表すもの。中国盛唐後期に始まる。→破墨(はぼく)
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